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The American Kennel Club (AKC) was founded in 1884, marking the start of official purebred dog registration in the United States. While many breeds are recognized today, only a few were honored as the first officially registered. These pioneering breeds were chosen for their historical significance, popularity, and well-established standards that set the foundation for future recognition. Some remain widely known, while others have become rare over time. These original breeds hold a special place in history, shaping the future of purebred excellence and responsiblee breeding.
Pointer
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The Pointer was one of the first breeds ever registered by the AKC and has been an elite hunting dog for centuries. Bred to “point” at game birds with their striking stance, these dogs have an uncanny ability to freeze in place, signaling hunters to their quarry. Their lean, muscular build makes them both fast and agile, and their stamina seems unlimited. While they are known for their working abilities, Pointers also make fantastic family pets due to their affectionate and intelligent nature.
Irish Setter
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Few dogs can turn heads quite like the Irish Setter. With its luxurious, flowing red coat and graceful stride, this breed is as stunning as it is energetic. Originally bred as a bird dog, Irish Setters are known for their playful personalities and high energy levels. They thrive in active households where they can run, play, and put their keen sense of smell to work.
Chesapeake Bay Retriever
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Unlike the more famous Labrador Retriever, the Chesapeake Bay Retriever (or “Chessie”) has a wavy, water-resistant coat that easily withstand icy waters. Originally bred by duck hunters along the Chesapeake Bay, these dogs are known for their incredible retrieving skills and unmatched determination. They are intelligent, strong-willed, and fiercely loyal to their families. While Chessies can be a bit more independent than other retrievers, they form deep bonds with their owners and will do anything to protect them.
Gordon Setter
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The Gordon Setter, often overshadowed by its Irish and English Setter cousins, is a robust and highly skilled bird dog. This breed is a favorite among sportsmen with its striking black-and-tan coat, muscular build, and keen hunting instincts. Originally bred in Scotland, Gordons are known for their endurance and determination in the field. Unlike some high-energy hunting breeds, they tend to be more deliberate and methodical in their work.
Clumber Spaniel
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The Clumber Spaniel may not be as well-known as other spaniel breeds, but it was among the first AKC-registered dogs for a reason. Originally bred for bird hunting, this breed is slower and more methodical than its energetic relatives. With its stocky build, droopy eyes, and luxurious coat, the Clumber has a charmingly sleepy expression that hides its determined nature. While they love a good nap, they also enjoy a leisurely stroll in the park.
Cocker Spaniel
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Few breeds are as universally adored as the Cocker Spaniel. This breed, one of the first AKC-recognized dogs, has been a favorite in the U.S. for over a century. Originally bred for bird hunting, Cocker Spaniels have become one of the most popular companion dogs. With their soulful eyes, long ears, and ever-wagging tails, it’s hard to resist their charm.
Irish Water Spaniel
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With its tight curls and distinctive “rat tail,” the Irish Water Spaniel is one of the most unique-looking dogs on this list. This rare spaniel breed was developed for retrieving the game from water, and it excels in swimming thanks to its waterproof coat. Despite their working-dog roots, Irish Water Spaniels are known for their clownish personalities and playful nature. They are intelligent, independent, and highly trainable, making them excellent companions for active families.
Sussex Spaniel
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If a Basset Hound and a Spaniel had a baby, it would probably look like the Sussex Spaniel. With its long body, short legs, and droopy ears, this breed may not be the fastest in the field, but it is certainly one of the most determined. Bred in England for hunting, the Sussex Spaniel has a deep, melodious bark that helps hunters keep track of them. Despite their working dog heritage, these dogs are incredibly affectionate and thrive in family environments.
Bloodhound
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The Bloodhound is a scent-tracking legend with a nose that’s second to none. One of the first breeds registered in the AKC, this droopy-faced detective is famous for its ability to follow a trail for miles. Used in search-and-rescue missions and law enforcement, Bloodhounds have a sense of smell so powerful that their tracking results are even admissible in court. But despite their serious working dog credentials, they are goofy, affectionate, and incredibly sweet.
Beagle
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No list of early AKC breeds would be complete without the Beagle. Originally bred as a rabbit-hunting hound, the Beagle’s incredible sense of smell and boundless curiosity make it both an excellent working dog and a mischievous companion. These little adventurers are known for their friendly, affectionate nature, making them one of the most popular family pets in the world. However, their love for following scents means they sometimes forget to listen, leading to unexpected backyard escape attempts.
Collie
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Before Lassie made Collies famous, they were already one of the first breeds recognized by the AKC. Bred for herding sheep in Scotland, Collies are intelligent, hardworking, and deeply loyal. Their flowing coats and elegant appearance make them one of the most visually stunning breeds, but their devotion to their families sets them apart. They are known for their gentleness with children and remarkable ability to sense their owners’ emotions.
Saint Bernard
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Famous for rescuing stranded travelers in the Swiss Alps, the Saint Bernard is the original gentle giant. These massive dogs are strong, intelligent, and incredibly loyal. Despite their imposing size, they are known for their sweet, gentle nature—especially with children. While they were originally bred for mountain rescues, today they are beloved as family pets who think they’re lapdogs (even when they weigh 150 pounds).
Newfoundland
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Newfoundlands are massive, fluffy, and surprisingly gentle for their size. Originally bred for water rescues and working on fishing boats, these dogs are excellent swimmers and have saved countless lives. Their thick coats and webbed feet make them natural-born water dogs, while their affectionate nature makes them wonderful family pets. Despite their intimidating size, Newfoundlands are known as “gentle giants” because of their sweet, patient demeanor.
The First Dogs Of The AKC Were Total VIPs
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Your pet may be amazing, but the first AKC-registered breeds set the foundation for purebred excellence. These early club members proved their value as hardworking, intelligent, and devoted companions. Their legacy continues to influence breeding standards and canine competitions, leaving a lasting impact. Every purebred today carries a piece of that history, shaping the future of beloved companions everywhere. These remarkable breeds earned their place through dedication, skill, and loyalty, ensuring their influence will be felt for generations. Their history is woven into every purebred’s story.
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